Energy FAQs UK: Clear Answers to Your Electricity and Gas Questions

The Energy Price Cap is set by Ofgem and limits the maximum unit rates (pence per kWh) and standing charges suppliers can charge customers on default or standard variable tariffs in Great Britain. It does not cap your total bill. Your bill depends on how much energy you use. The cap is reviewed regularly. Check Ofgem or your supplier for the latest rates.

The standing charge is a daily fixed cost to maintain your supply and network services. The unit rate is the price per kWh of gas or electricity you actually use. Both affect your final bill.

Domestic gas and electricity in the UK are generally charged at 5% VAT. Some energy-saving materials may have different VAT treatment. Policies can change; check GOV.UK for current rules.

Heating and lighting demand rises in colder, darker months, increasing consumption. Direct debits often spread annual costs evenly, so your account may build credit in summer and use it in winter. Submitting regular meter readings helps keep bills accurate.

• Fixed: Unit rates and standing charges are locked for a set term. Offers price certainty but may include exit fees.
• Variable: Rates can go up or down, often tracking the price cap for default tariffs. Usually no exit fee.

The right choice depends on your risk tolerance, usage and the rates offered today. Compare the all-in annual cost, not just unit rates.

1. Gather a recent bill or annual statement for your usage in kWh.
2. Compare tariffs based on your actual kWh usage and standing charges.
3. Apply online. There is a 14-day cooling-off period for most domestic contracts.
4. Your supply will not be interrupted during a switch. Meter changes are not usually required.

Exit fees may apply if you leave a fixed deal early. Check your tariff terms.

These are multi-rate tariffs with cheaper electricity overnight and higher rates in the day. They can suit homes with night storage heaters or where a significant share of use can shift overnight. You need a compatible meter and the correct profile with your supplier.

Your home is connected to the national grid. Suppliers match all or part of your usage with renewable electricity via certificates or direct generation. The energy in your sockets is a mix from the grid, but your tariff influences what suppliers buy and fund.

If your supplier did not receive a recent meter reading or smart data, they estimate based on past use. Submit a reading to get an accurate bill or investigate any anomalies.

Monthly is a good rhythm, especially before billing dates or price changes. For Economy 7, submit both day and night reads. Keep photos for your records.

Suppliers review your direct debit to match projected annual costs. If you build credit, payments may be lowered; if you are in debit, they may rise. Check your annual statement and ask for a review if your usage changes.

Contact your supplier early. Options may include affordable repayment plans, payment breaks, advice services, or support funds. Independent help is available from organisations like Citizens Advice.

• Credit meter: You pay after you use energy, by bill or direct debit.
• Prepayment meter: You pay in advance by topping up a key, card or app.
• Smart meter: Sends readings automatically and can show near real-time usage.

Your electricity supply number (MPAN) and gas supply number (MPRN) are shown on your bill. They identify your supply point if you move or switch.

Contact your supplier. Do not tamper with the meter. If there is a safety risk (e.g., burning smell, sparking), switch off power if safe and contact your network operator. For gas emergencies, call the National Gas Emergency Service on 0800 111 999. For power cuts, call 105.

Smart meters are being offered across Great Britain to replace older meters. They are optional for most households. Benefits include automatic readings and better insight into usage. You can ask your supplier about installation and data-sharing preferences.

SMETS2 meters are the current standard and stay smart if you switch suppliers. Many earlier SMETS1 meters are being connected to the secure national network so they can also work smartly after a switch.

• Move it closer to the meter and leave it plugged in.
• Restart the IHD and check it is paired to your meters.
• Contact your supplier if the device is faulty or needs re-pairing.

You pay for energy in advance by topping up a key, card or app. Prices can differ from standard credit tariffs. Emergency and friendly credit features can help overnight or at weekends if you run out, but rules vary by supplier.

Contact your supplier as soon as possible for support and to restore supply. Ask about vulnerability support and repayment options if you are in debt.

Often yes, subject to eligibility checks (e.g., credit assessment, debt repayment plans). Your supplier can advise and arrange a meter mode change or exchange.

The PSR offers free extra help for eligible customers, such as those who are elderly, have a disability, rely on medical equipment, or need additional communication support. Ask your supplier or network operator to join.

A one-off discount on electricity bills for eligible households each winter. Eligibility and process can vary across Great Britain and may be based on certain benefits and property characteristics. Look out for letters from the scheme and check your supplier's guidance.

These are government payments for eligible people to help with winter energy costs. They are administered by the Department for Work and Pensions. Check GOV.UK for current eligibility and payment details.

Funding may be available for insulation and heating upgrades for eligible homes under ECO4 and related schemes. Criteria apply and vary by area and property. Speak to your supplier, local authority or a certified installer to check eligibility.

Yes, many suppliers offer the Smart Export Guarantee (SEG). You are paid for the electricity you export to the grid. You usually need an export meter or a compatible smart meter, and your installation must meet certification requirements.

A battery can store excess solar to use later and may allow time-of-use optimisation. Savings depend on system size, tariff type and usage pattern. Seek a tailored assessment from a certified installer.

A government grant in Great Britain towards low-carbon heating systems like air source or ground source heat pumps (eligibility and amounts vary). Check GOV.UK for current details.

1. Take clear final meter readings (with photos) when you leave.
2. Give your supplier your new address for the final bill.
3. At your new home, take opening readings immediately and contact the existing supplier on site to set up an account.
4. You will be on a deemed tariff initially; then compare and switch if you wish.

1. Raise the issue with your supplier and keep a record.
2. If unresolved after 8 weeks (or you reach deadlock), you can escalate to Ombudsman Services: Energy. Their decision can require the supplier to take action.

• Smell gas or carbon monoxide? Call the National Gas Emergency Service: 0800 111 999 immediately.
• Power cut? Call your electricity network on 105.

If it is unsafe, evacuate and call emergency services.